Mugil vulpinus is an Ambiguous or Other Synonym of Mugil cephalus.

Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Jan

Flathead mullet - Native Fish - Wild (Freshwater)

Systematic Position: [2]

Kingdom	:	Animalia
Phylum	:	Chordata
Class	:	Teleostei
Order	:	Mugiliformes
Family	:	Mugilidae
Genus	:	Mugil
Species	:	Mugil cephalus

Common Names:

English	:	Flathead mullet[6]
Bangla	:	Data not available

Synonyms:

Arnion cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758 Jan)
Ello cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758 Jan)
Mugil cephalus cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758 Jan)
Mugil cephalas Linnaeus, 1758 Jan
Mugil albula Linnaeus, 1766
Mugil crenilabis our Forsskål, 1775
Mugil our (Forsskål, 1775)
Mugil tang Bloch, 1794
Mugil provensalis Risso, 1810
Mugil lineatus Valenciennes, 1836 July
Mugil cephalotus Valenciennes, 1836 July
Mugil japonicus Temminck and Schlegel, 1845
Mugil rammelsbergii Tschudi, 1846
Mugil cephalus rammelsbergi (Tschudi, 1846)
Mugil vulpinus Nardo, 1847
Mugil dobula Günther, 1861
Mugil ashanteensis Bleeker, 1863
Mugil cephalus ashanteensis (Bleeker, 1863)
Myxus superficialis Klunzinger, 1870
Mugil gelatinosus Klunzinger, 1872
Myxus caecutiens Günther, 1876 May
Mugil mexicanus Steindachner, 1876
Mugil grandis Castelnau, 1879 May
Mugil muelleri Klunzinger, 1879
Mugil mulleri Klunzinger, 1879
Mugil mülleri Klunzinger, 1879
Mugil hypselosoma Ogilby, 1897 Sep
Myxus pacificus Steindachner, 1900 Jun
Myxus barnardi Gilchrist and Thompson, 1914 May
Mugil peruanus Hildebrand, 1946 Feb
Mugil perusii (Non Valenciennes, 1836 July)
Mugil chaptalii (Non Eydoux and Souleyet, 1850)
Mugil galapagensis (Non Ebeling, 1961 Sep)

Maximum Length and Weight:

60 cm (TL) ^[5] 60 cm (TL) and 1200 g ^[1657]

Inter-Length Relationship:

Head length : Standard length = 1 : 2.8-3.5 ^[5]

Taxonomic Formula:

D₁. IV; D₂. 1/8; P₁. 15; A. III/8; C. 15 ^{[Rahman, 2005]}
D₁ IV; D₂ I 8; A III 8; P 15; V I 5 ^{[Talwar and Jhingran, 1991]}

Scales:

38-42 scales on lateral line. 14-15 scales on transverse series. [5]

Chemistry:

Data not available

Conservation Status:

Global	:	Least Concern (LC)	(Version 3.1) [625]
Bangladesh	:	Least Concern (LC)	(Version 3.1) [315]

Occurrence/Distribution:

Global	:	Algeria[1055] Angola[911] Cameroon[1056] Comoros[861] Ivory Coast[1057] Egypt[1055] Gabon[1058] Ghana[1059] Guinea[1057] Guinea-Bissau[1060] Kenya[862] Libya[1055] Madagascar[953] Mauritania[1061] Mauritius[861] Mayotte[861] Morocco[1055] Mozambique[1062] Namibia[1063] Reunion[991] Sao Tome and Principe[727] Senegal[1057] Seychelles[1030] Sierra Leone[1064] Somalia[1009] South Africa[1065] Tanzania[911] Tunisia[1055] Andaman Island[746] Bahrain[895] Bangladesh[1015] Cambodia[1066] China[1067] Christmas Island[957] Cyprus[1055] Georgia[1055] Hong Kong[868] India[6] Indonesia[449] Iran[839] Iraq[1068] Israel[1055] Japan[453] Kazakhstan[1055] South Korea[1044] Kuwait[895] Lebanon[1069] Malaysia[918] Myanmar[857] Ogasawara Islands[898] Oman[895] Pakistan[911] Philippines[1027] Qatar[895] Saudi Arabia[1070] Syria[1055] Taiwan[1071] Thailand[71] Turkey[1072] United Arab Emirates[895] Vietnam[859] Yemen[959] Albania[1055] Bulgaria[1055] France[1073] Greece[1074] Italy[1075] Malta[1076] Portugal[1077] Romania[1055] Russia[1055] Serbia[1055] Slovenia[1079] Spain[1077] United Kingdom[1080] Ukraine[1055] Canada[1081] Costa Rica[1082] El Salvador[1082] Guatemala[1082] Honduras[1082] Mexico[1083] Nicaragua[1082] Panama[1082] Trinidad and Tobago[1084] United States[1085] Australia[984] Cook Islands[962] Fiji[963] French Polynesia[964] New Caledonia[1086] New Zealand[1087] Northern Mariana Islands[1088] Papua New Guinea[875] Tonga[1089] Vanuatu[971] Brazil[1085] Chile[1082] Colombia[1082] Ecuador[1090] Peru[1091]
Bangladesh	:	Andharmanik river, Patuakhali[751] Meghna river estuary, Noakhali[774]

Habitat and Environment:

Habitat: Data not available

Environment:

Parameters	Units	Minimum	Maximum	Optimum	Ref.
Temperature	-	-	-	-	-
pH	-	-	-	-	-
DO	-	-	-	-	-
Free CO2	-	-	-	-	-

Breeding Maturity:

Data not available

Breeding Season: (red background)

Data not available

Fecundity:

Egg: shape- Spherical, ^[984]
Absolute fecundity: 1,600,000 (min), 4,800,000 (max), ^[985]
Absolute fecundity: 1,600,000 (min), 4,800,000 (max), ^[985]
Absolute fecundity: 500 (min), 2800 (max), ^[989]
Absolute fecundity: 5,000,000 (min), 7,000,000 (max), ^[991]
Absolute fecundity: 405,767 (min), 898,512 (max), Relative fecundity: 680 (min), 1680 (max), 4776 (ave), Specimen length: 38-49.2 cm. weight: 0.410-1.11 kg. ^[992]
Absolute fecundity: 700,000 (min), 3,000,000 (max), ^[993]

Food and Feeding Habit:

Diet composition (%): Data not available

Importance:

Production and Marketing:
Production/Harvesting Season: (Green = Peak, Yellow = Off, Lemon = Moderate)

Jan

Feb

Mar

Apr

May

Jun

Jul

Aug

Sep

Oct

Nov

Dec

[792]

Harvesting Gears:
Seine net, Gill net, Seine net, Seine net, Hand lining, Set bag net, Set bag net, Cast net, Cast net ^[792]
Gill net, Gill net, Seine net, Seine net, Hand lining, Set bag net, Set bag net, Cast net, Cast net ^[1657]
Gill net, Gill net, Seine net, Seine net, Hand lining, Set bag net, Set bag net, Cast net, Cast net ^[1657]
Market price:
350-400 BDT/kg (Size: 25-30 cm, Weight: 400-500 g, Place: Noakhali, Bangladesh) ^[792]